Diabetic emergencies are among the most common and potentially reversible causes of altered mental status encountered prehospitally. Rapid recognition is essential to preventing serious complications. Within the ALS-PCS and BLS-PCS, paramedics are empowered and expected to assess, manage and transport patients experiencing hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia safely and effectively.

Whether caring for a known diabetic or an undiagnosed patient with non-specific symptoms, a strong understanding of the pathophysiology, clinical presentation and treatment options can be the difference between deterioration and recovery.

Suspect Sepsis? Speak Up.

Sepsis, also known as Septicemia or blood poisoning, is a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. It’s most commonly triggered when bacteria from an infection elsewhere in the body enter the bloodstream, a condition called bacteremia. However, localized infections like pneumonia, urinary tract infections (UTIs), or skin infections can also provoke this systemic overreaction. While sepsis can occur in any patient, the elderly, immunocompromised and infants will be most susceptible.

Declare Early, Triage Smart, Stay Organized.
A Mass Casualty Incident (MCI) is a term that encapsulates situations where the number of casualties overwhelms the immediate available resources, challenging the response capabilities of emergency services and places strain on the healthcare system.

These incidents are marked by a surge in casualties placing pressure on responders to act quickly and engage in complex interagency coordination. Beyond the immediate scene, MCI’s can have lasting psychological and community-wide impacts, emphasizing the importance of preparedness, communication, and post-incident support. Recognizing these challenges is essential to strengthening response systems and enhancing frontline readiness.

Burns are a frequent presentation in the prehospital environment, ranging from minor surface injuries to life-threatening, multisystem trauma. Accurate identification of the type of burn (thermal, chemical, electrical, or radiation), the depth (superficial, partial-thickness, or full-thickness), and the total body surface area (TBSA) involved is essential for effective triage and timely intervention. Early and accurate assessment guides appropriate fluid resuscitation, pain management, wound care, and transport decisions—including the need for transfer to a burn centre. Prompt recognition and intervention can significantly reduce the risk of complications such as infection, hypovolemia, airway compromise, and long-term disability.